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This article needs additional citations for verification. Submarines in the Soviet Navy were developed by numbered “projects”, which were sometimes but not always given names. The names are the radiotelephonic alphabet russian submarine profiles sign of a letter of the alphabet.

For security purposes, the “pennant numbers” of Soviet submarines were not sequential, any more than those of Soviet surface vessels were. Shadowgraph Dekabrist class I series submarine mod. Shadowgraph Schuka class III series submarine 01. Shadowgraph Pravda class IV series submarine mod. Shadowgraph Malyutka class VI series submarine. Shadowgraph Malyutka class VI-bis series submarine.

Shadowgraph Malyutka class XII series submarine. Shadowgraph Malyutka class XV series submarine. It was an experimental vessel used for testing propulsion systems, hull forms, and boundary-layer control techniques. Submarine Vepr by Ilya Kurganov crop. U-Boat Century, German Submarine Warfare 1906-2006. The most feared creature in the sea. The Russian word for shark is akula.

Soviet naval engineers designed Akula as the follow-up to the Victor and Sierra classes to set a new standard in stealth and serve as the vanguard of the modern Russian Navy. Common opinion holds that Russian submarines are noisy and technologically inferior to their American and British counterparts. Expert opinion, however, knows what lies behind the traditional Russian veil of secrecy. With the Russian economy presently in disarray, shipyard activities face spiraling uncertainty. Production of most surface ships has halted. Output of Akula submarines remained steady at one-to-two a year until 1995.

Funding delays and shipyards strikes have delayed completion of additonal units. To illustrate this, consider the Akula submarine Gepard. Her keel was laid down in 1991 with the sub scheduled to enter active service in 1996. When discussing the actual physical characteristic of a piece of Russian military hardware, one must always keep in mind the degree of security the government imposes on information. It is generally believed that an Akula displaces an estimated 7500 tons surfaced, 9100 tons submerged, with a length of 108-113 meters and a beam of 13. The Akula uses a double hull construction.

The living spaces, torpedo tubes, and most of the machinery exists within the stronger inner hull. The ballast tanks and specially adapted gear are located between the inner and outer hulls. Hull material is high strength steel. The Akula does not have a titanium hull after many problems with that material during early construction.